Nokia Essays - Brand Management, Marketing, Nokia, CAC 40

Nokia Nokia SWOT STRENGTHS Nokia has long established identity (1898); lots of available resources (financial, etc.) Schmohl is experienced in international marketing (Adidas and Uniroyal) Nokia has high penetration rate in Europe, especially in Northern countries (close to 100%) Nokia Consumer Electronics has access to innovative technology through group companies WEAKNESSES Lack of centralized marketing strategy and champion; completely different positioning strategy depending on the country Too many brand names (100) in one market; problem trying to find balance Corporate culture is highly technical and operational: So what if the customer does not understand!; lack of customer service priority OPPORTUNITIES Potential for brand name sales in Europe = differentiation Growing replacement and supplement television market NCE has opportunity of using its technology to enhance user-friendliness THREATS The market for color TVs and VCRs is a mature/saturated market; consumers are buying less often and only to replace older units (same trend for all countries across Europe) Can't differentiate based on technical advancement or price; competitors too fast to match Impact of recent purchases (for example, Sony) and mergers is unknown; competitors are getting larger and integrating supply chains Competitors (Samsung, Goldstar, Daewoo) quickly and successfully building brand name and image Branding Strategy In the colour TV market, neither technology nor price provides a competitive advantage. The decision a consumer makes to purchase is primarily motivated by emotion, and is driven largely by comfort level with a particular brand. A successful branding strategy for NCE is, therefore, critical to gaining a competitive advantage. Specifically, NCE should brand for the following reasons: Competitive advantage is gained through brand name (not technology or price) According to brand awareness studies, Nokia is recognized most of the time (in Germany, France, Italy, UK and Norway), but not necessarily affiliated with consumer electronics such as TVs and VCRs Consumers buy televisions based on emotion Consumers perceive value in features that are marketed as user-friendly In the past Nokia has relied heavily on its ability to innovate?it is a strong technology company. However, it is not good at introducing or packaging this technology for consumers. Schmohl must introduce a new mindset to NCE; a strategic shift that encourages customer service and international marketing. Internal Management Challenge Schmohl faces at least two challenges within NCE that he must address immediately: 1. Lack of a marketing champion in corporate headquarters 2. A continued reliance on technology as the main marketing approach. For example, the remote control TV mouse is centered on technology and may frighten away potential customers who may perceive it as too technical. Options for solving these include: (1) push down his ideas and force all to comply using his positional power; (2) soft approach?gradually getting buy-in to his plans from technical representative, sales and marketing. Option 1 is not viable since even though it may result in short-term agreement, it will result in resignations, poor morale and distrust in senior management over the long run. Since the change process can be slow, Schmohl should adopt option 2 that means getting buy-in at the senior management level. If there is disagreement at the highest level of the company on international marketing strategy, then the same can be expected throughout the ranks of the company. For example, the vice-president of engineering may agree on the surface, but tell his employees to continue to do what they have always done (don't play the new marketing tapes at the fairs, etc.). Getting Buy-in from the Dealer Network The dealer network is critical to their branding strategy. If a dealer is not satisfied or confident with a manufacturers market position, they may lead a potential buyer to a competitive brand. NCE must maintain its strong brand-marketing program. And it needs to dealers to support them or they will fail. To do this, Schmohl should be willing to increase margins to dealers or incentive programs to encourage them to sell the Nokia brand vision and concept. Ultimately a successful marketing campaign will draw customers into the dealer's door. If Nokia is foremost in their mind, we want the dealer to sell them Nokia, not attempt to switch to a competitive brand. Customer Brand Awareness and Association The Nokia brand name

10 Facts for a Research Project on Cell Biology

10 Facts for a Research Project on Cell Biology Sometimes, understanding the history tied to certain subject matters you intend to write an essay about, gets you done with half of your task and cell biology belongs exactly to this category. Therefore we shall explore cell biology and its history, which you can employ when writing your research paper. Like most disciplines, the field of cell biology was defined by Greek scholars in ancient Greece. It was established from the Greek word KUTOC, as a branch of biology that studies the different structures and functions of the cell with special emphasis on the cell being the basic unit of life. This article alongside two others will be focused on providing you with all the information you need to start writing an excellent research paper on cell biology. 10 Interesting Facts on Cell Biology for Your Research Paper: All cells are not equal. The fact that cells are the basic units of life does not automatically mean all cells are equal. Although scientific research shows that all cells share certain similarities such as the ability to eat, grow and move, they are also unique in diverse ways. Cells differ in size, function and living arrangement- some are self-sustaining while others are part of a complex multicellular organism. Cell membranes form the boundary between its internals and the external environment. Just like the human skin acts as the boundary between the human body and its external environment, cell membranes do the exact same thing. Cell membranes are based on a framework of fat-based molecules known as phospholipids. Their main function is gate-keeping. This involves preventing hydrophilic substances- elements that love water- from leaving or entering the cell. Cell genetic codes are expressed through nucleic acids. The two major types of nucleic acids charged with this responsibility are the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). These nucleic acids work hand by hand to build and manage the cell functions. The DNA is the molecule that contains the information a cell needs to function while the RNA serves as the conduit which transports this message to areas where they are expressed. It is also important to note that other proteins/amino acids are also charged with the responsibility of cell expressions. Cells contain structures designed to carry out specific tasks. These structures are called organelles, and they are responsible for the separate functions a cell needs to perform to stay alive. While eukaryotic cells contain a diverse range of organelles, prokaryotic have just a few. The organelles in prokaryotic cells include: nucleus for growth and reproduction, mitochondria for energy, golgi complex as a manufacturing and storing organelle and endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes carbohydrates, and fat. Eukaryotic cells basically make use of ribosomes to synthesize proteins and lysosomes to digest macromolecules. Cells are differentiated and categorized by their genetic materials. As stated earlier, there are different types of cells. Scientists make use of a categorization system that focuses on the packaging of their genetic materials. Cells that have their DNA separated or partitioned from their cytoplasm are categorized as eukaryotes while others with DNAs not partitioned off their cytoplasm are known as prokaryotic. Also, all known prokaryotes e.g. bacteria are generally single cells while eukaryotes such as Amoeba are usually single-entities living freely in their own environment. Cells generate energy from sunlight and food molecules. Like all living organisms, cells need energy to survive and they get that energy from the environment they live in. Biological research has shown that the major source from which cells get energy is the sun. Almost all living cells- bacteria, algae, plant cells etc.- harness solar energy to meet their everyday needs, grow and reproduce. Cells also take in food molecules such as sugar and fats through the membrane to generate the energy needed to function. Cells use specific pathways to turn nutrients into usable energy. The specific pathway used by cells to develop usable energy largely depends on the type of the cell. Studies have shown that eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells apply different pathways. Eukaryotic cells make use of some major processes which include: glycolysis- the splitting of sugar- and oxidative phosphorylation, which involves an electron transport chain. Prokaryotic cells, on the other hand, make use of oxidation which involves the transfer of electrons from one molecule to another through chemical reactions. Cells also store energy in reserves. When there is an abundant supply of energy, eukaryotic cells tend to store energy for future use. To get this done, these cells automatically create energy-rich molecules to store the excessive energy. These reservoirs are of course held in the cell and can be called upon when needed. In situations of plenty, these reservoirs can get large enough to be viewed separately under a microscope. Cells have varying life spans. Another factor which differentiates cells from one another is their life spans. These life spans can fluctuate between a few days to a couple of years. Using cells in the human body as case study: cells in the digestive tract may live for just a few days, those situated in the immune system may live for months, while cells in pancreas can live for a year or even more. Simple cells such as amoeba and algae that live in their own habitat without a host also exhibit fluctuating life spans. Cells also commit suicide. Cells go through the process known as apoptosis when they are either damaged or infected. This process involves a sequence of steps which starts with the cell sending self-termination signals to its nucleus. The process of apoptosis is done to protect the body as well as keep the natural process of cell division occurring without difficulties. Lastly, cells that do not go through the natural process of apoptosis when damaged can be cancerous. Here we come to the end of today’s interesting facts about the field of cell biology. To learn more about writing a research project on it, why not read the other articles in this series covering 20 cell biology research project topics and how to write a good research project on cell biology. References: Jungck, J. (2013). Genesis of What Is Life?: A Paradigm Shift in Genetics History. Cell Biology Education, 12(2), pp.151-152. Cameron, L. (2013). International Institute for Collaborative Cell Biology and BiochemistryHistory and Memoirs from an International Network for Biological Sciences. Cell Biology Education, 12(3), pp.339-344. Chamany, K., Allen, D. and Tanner, K. (2008). Making Biology Learning Relevant to Students: Integrating People, History, and Context into College Biology Teaching. Edelmann, L. (2002). Life at the Cell and Below-Cell Level: The Hidden History of a Fundamental Revolution in Biology (review). Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, 45(4), pp.628-631. Bechtel, W. and Abrahamsen, A. (2006). In Search of Mitochondrial Mechanisms: Interfield Excursions between Cell Biology and Biochemistry. Journal of the History of Biology. Steinberg, G. (2015). Cell biology of Zymoseptoria tritici: Pathogen Cell Organization and Wheat Infection. Fungal Genetics and Biology, 79, pp.17-23. Kerimoglu, O., Straile, D. and Peeters, F. (2012). Role of Phytoplankton Cell size on the Competition for Nutrients and Light in incompletely Mixed Systems. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 300, pp.330-343.

Land Biomes - Tropical Rainforests

Land Biomes - Tropical Rainforests Biomes Biomes are the worlds major habitats. These habitats are identified by the vegetation and animals that populate them. The location of each land biome is determined by the regional climate. Tropical Rain Forests Tropical rainforests are characterized by dense vegetation, seasonally warm temperatures, and abundant rainfall. The animals that dwell here depend on trees for housing and food. Climate Tropical rain forests are very hot and wet. They can average between 6 and 30 feet of precipitation per year. The average temperature is fairly constant ranging from about 77 to 88 degrees Fahrenheit. Location Tropical rain forests are typically located in areas of the world that are near the equator. Locations include: Africa - Zaire basin and MadagascarCentral America - Amazon River BasinHawaiiWest IndiaSoutheast AsiaAustralia Vegetation A great variety of plants can be found in tropical rain forests. Enormous trees as tall as 150 feet tall form an umbrella canopy over the forest that blocks out the sunlight for plants in the lower canopy and forest floor. Some examples of rainforest plants include: kapok trees, palm trees, strangler fig trees, banana trees, orange trees, ferns, and orchids. Wildlife Tropical rain forests are home to the majority of plant and animal species in the world. Wildlife in the tropical rain forest is very diverse. Animals include a variety of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and insects. Examples are: monkeys, gorillas, jaguars, anteaters, lemurs, snakes, bats, frogs, butterflies, and ants. Rain forest creatures have characteristics such as bright colors, distinctive markings, and grasping appendages. These traits help the animals adapt to life in the rain forest.

Final Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Final - Case Study Example The employees in many of such organizations feel that co-operating the concept of self managed work team is analogous with the assistance of their own execution. â€Å"The concept of self-managed work teams is also opposed by the supervisors of many organizations who do not intend to become the facilitators†. The self managed work team violates the principal of unit of command. Studies and organizational behavior theories have proved that there is contradiction in the effectiveness of the self-managed work teams. Such a situation could also be highlighted from the case when Knowlton was not able to align himself with the objectives of the whole team after Feaster arrived and began showing his superiority in the subject matter and research worked by the team. It should also be noted that in the meeting with the sponsors of the research, except the departmental heads, bosses and supervisors only Feaster was the only employee that was invited for the meeting and was asked to give presentation about the proceedings of the research. Even though he had been an active participant in the research since his joining, other employees were also the part of the project and had been working on the same for much longer period them him. It is also observed that employees working as a part of self-manage d work teams have high attrition rate and absenteeism then the people working in a conventional work groups. Fester’s role in the organization was determined by largely his personality. From the day he was appointed to the team and project, he was dedicated and excited to complete the research. He started getting in close connection with the Link, the mathematician of the group spending time discussing the method of analysis of the patterns that link had been worrying about over the past few months. He tried to understand the concept on which they were

Digital multimeter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Digital multimeter - Essay Example The user guide could be used by a number of individuals in order to achieve high performance and full control of various electrical installations. The research was undertaken in a school setting by involving students in active participation with the aid of user guides. The students were then assessed and the outcome recorded. The outcome was later used to upgrade the user guide. Multimeter which is also known as multitester is an electronic gadget that integrates several measurement function of a unit. A multimeter has several features that have the ability to record current, voltage and resistance using the relevant electronic instruments. In the current world multimeter has been upgraded and may use digital and analogue technologies. In that case, they can be referred to as Analog Multimeter (AMM) and Digital Multimeter (DMM). Analogue technology measure signal in non-continuous form while digital measure signal in discreet form. Thus Analog instruments such as micro ammeter usually have a pointer which moves over a scale attuned for all the dissimilar measurements that can recorded while Digital instruments on the other hand display digits which are sometimes shown on a bar of a length relatively proportional to the magnitude being measured. (Mazur, 2008). In real life situation, Multimeters can be used to correct faults that occur in electric circuit. This is because they posses high degree of accuracy. For example galvanometer is used to detect the presence of electric current and the direction of flow of electricity. This has helped over the years in various households and offices to prevent fire outbreak due to early detection of these faults. Background Men had a quest of acquiring a tool that he could use conveniently to measure and detect electric current thereby having full command of his environment regarding electricity. A lot of inventions were made by many inventors in order to quench this thirst ; with the first ever moving pointer to be invented which had these abilities was the galvanometer. This was used across the board to measure resistance and voltage since it was the only device. It functioned with the aid of Wheatstone bridge. The device was known to be too slow when used in labs and in the fields. It was also bulky and delicate. Man then adopted the premise that there were more than were known to them, therefore he kept the fire blazing by conducting more research to acquire more practical and convenient devices. A meter which used fine metal spring was then discovered. Besides it detecting current it also had the capability of recording measurements by use of its magnetic properties. It was quick and easy to use. Multimeters were then invented in the early 1920s. They consisted of separate devices necessary for to maintaining telecommunication. As time went by, people became tired with carrying these separate instruments and this was a clear indication that a more convenient device was needed. Macadie invented a device which could record amperes, volts and ohms. It was later called Avometer since it was a multipurpose. His idea was later borrowed

Character study from Of Mice And Men Essay Example for Free

Character study from Of Mice And Men Essay After reading the novel I have understood that many characters had dream. The book Of Mice and Men was set in the depression of the 1930s in California where Men travelled around looking for any work they could find, they had to leave families and homes just to make money. The novel shows that people who lived on ranches were lonely. These were depressing and desperate times, no hope and no future. George and Lennie: George and Lennie being migrant ranch workers like several other Americans in those had a dream. Were gonna have a little house and a couple of acres an a cow and some pigs Their dream is to own a farm or a ranch of their own so they could be their own boss and wouldnt have to be pushed round by other ranch owners who they work for now. They wanted to independent due to the working and having a job always cost them lost of; money, friends and other relationships. Their life was always living in a stable with different people. They were very lonely Guys like us who work on ranched are the loneliest guys in the world. The character George is a small, quick man with well-defined features and with big heart. Georges relationship with Lennie is likely to be like a stepfather as George was very caring for Lennie, however in some stages he told him off. His only set-back is his mentally handicapped friend Lennie whom he travels with and has been since he promised Lennies aunt Clara he would look after him after she died. Looking after Lennie stops George from working towards his dream and even prevent him from having a normal life of a rancher, because of this George and Lennie regularly fight. Lennie always forgets all goods things that George tells him such when they went they see the new boss Lennie, you keep your mouth shut in front of the boss as enter the office he jumbled the things up, however he always remembers bad things that George told had told him. Lennie is a maniac about petting nice and soft thing such as velvet, soft small animals (i.e. rabbits and mice). These things usually some how put him in trouble such as the big disaster that happens. Lennie is mentally like a child; he didnt have any sexual emotion. How the society can accuse him that he could do soothing like that? It shows the illiterateness of people however there are people who can read and publish magazines. Lennie always is a problem and George tells him. At stages of the story George gets angry with Lennie and tells him about his life without Lennie: Whatever we aint got, thats what you want. God amighty, if I was alone I could live so easy. I could go get a job an work, a no trouble. No mess at all, and when the end of the month come I could take my fifty bucks and go into town an get whatever I want. George and Lennie lives so hard life, so bleak that they used their dream as a way of comforting themselves. Daydreaming and talking about it was the only thing that gave them hope. George was kidding himself he knew that their will not becoming true. He just used Lennie as companion to have someone to talk to. The dream that Lennie and George have is not a reality till the characters are introduced to Candy. He is an old, one-handed man; he befriends George and Lennie when they first get on the ranch. Candy becomes a very lonely man after Carlson kills his only companion, his dog and hopes for the same fate. When they can me here I wisht somebodyd shoot me When he hears Lennie and George talking about the dream he becomes excited and offers money towards it so they can buy a farm, he also offers to work on the farm. John Steinbeck gives an insight of the dog and gives hint that this what is going to happen to Lennie. John Steinbeck also gives the descriptions of Lennie being very strong. Lennie killed Curleys wife. Curley and other went to get him. George told Lennie in the beginning when he gets in trouble he should go in the bushes. George knew that Curley would give Lennie hell may be put him in the cage and will assaults in different ways. George had no option then killing Lennie. George met Lennie in bushes and start to tell him about their and suddenly pulled the behind his back and killed him. Lennie was responsible for ending their dreams and died while listening about their dream. Curleys wife: Curleys wife is another major character in the novel. She is naà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ve as she believes in everyone even Lennie. She is pretty as says because I am natural she also had a dream; her dream was to be a Hollywood actress. She was being told that she work in the films by a director while filming a picture. She didnt understand men. The director told her that she can be an actress that was the easiest way for him to get her in the. She didnt realise that working in the Hollywood is not a joke; actually people need knowledge and beauty to work down there. Curleys wifes dream wasnt going to come true due to she was married to Curley soon she would have a dozen of kids. She didnt like Curley Curley ant a nice fella as Curley was a controlled freak. She was the only woman in the ranch. She had the right to speak to other people, however when she find someone to talk they ignored her due to she was a troubled mans wife. So Curleys wife flirted with men to attract them she was heavily made up such as roughed lips, wide space eyes, red finger nails and hair this was may be due to she was newly married. When she found men and Curley wasnt there she start to flirted she was standing in the door way, she putted her had behind her back to lean against the door frame so the body was thrown out putting her hands behind her back means to show her body, to show her breast bigger, so as her hips. All these descriptions make attraction. The way she talked to men I guess I better look someplace else and she said playfully she may be wanted attraction for her sexual life due to Curley might not have full filled her sexual wants as Curley always kept one of his soft. gloves full Vaseline. Curleys wife knew that Lennie crushed Curleys hand, so how can she allow him to touch her as he was a stranger. She is also the person responsible for ending Georges, Lonnies and Candys dream. Her death by Lennie was actually a favour for her due to she was the only person who died without seeing her dream not coming true. Crooks: Crooks was the other major character in the novel. When George arrived found about Crooks found a winkle in his bunck said give the stable back hell. Crooks was then described by Candy that he is a nigger this shows the amount of racism that occurred those days as a black man was called by a racist word. Everyone gave him hell he was nearly being killed in the Christmas when he bring a gallon of whisky and when the people got drunk he was being beaten up. He is also being described as a nice fella however he was not being accepted in the society. When Lennie went to see Crooks he told him you got no right to come in my room. Crooks was angry so much at first due to he hurt in the past by white people that he doesnt give a chance to hurt him again as through his life he has been a boxing bag that everyone punched and went. When he finds Lennie weaker then himself he tries to wind him up as he tells Lennie spouse George gone a left you alone, what will you do Lennie was scared and nearly knock Crooks out. Crooks was an American citizen, he wasnt a slave like other black people in America those days. I ant a southern Negro I was born right here in California he had that life style as a normal American white citizens. When he was a kid he used to play with white kids and go to their place and sometimes they came to his fathers ranch. John Steinbecks wrote this book due to he wanted to show to the people what had happen during depression. Steinbecks dream is an aspect of all the characters dreams of an equal society; Crooks, equal rights for different races, Candys, rights for work and ageism, Curleys wife, womens rights and Lennies, right of a mad person. Steinbeck would like to see all these aspects in his idea of society. He saw the problems of his society and maybe tried to change them with this book. Steinbecks again mention in the from George point of view where he describes to Lennie at the end The place no-ones gonna hurt you. This tells us about heaven where everyone is going to be treated the same way and everyone would have the right to live a free life.

The Caribbean Essay -- Caribbean History Essays

The Caribbean Perhaps nowhere on earth is a more culturally varying region than in the Caribbean. The recent history has formed these islands into a confused, random area, hiding much of its people’s identity and heritage. Due to European Imperialism, extermination of aboriginal peoples, slavery, the plantation system, and the ethnic diversity of the inhabitants the Caribbean does not allow itself to be classified as one. In fact little can be grouped together. Sydney Mintz, Antonio Benitez-Rojo, and Michelle Cliff try to make sense of the combination and loss of culture as well as the reemergence of new ones. They do this from different perspectives, Rojo though the eyes of a Cuban and a literary critic, Mintz as a political scientist and Cliff as a Jamaican born and raised citizen. Sydney Mintz and Antonio Benitez-Rojo argue a very similar viewpoint. When the Europeans arrived in the late fourteen hundreds they took control of the native population an either enslaved or exterminated them. Over the years the European countries have juggled ownership of the islands, shifting in...